Aerospace engineers at the California Institute of Technology normally test cars and telescopes for aerodynamic differences in their high-tech wind tunnel.
Perhaps it was only a matter of time until the vuvuzela became a runaway hit on the iPhone.
An application that mimics the incessant blasting of the plastic African trumpet, which has become inexorably linked with the World Cup in South Africa, has been downloaded more than a million times.
ProReferee proudly announces the release of an iTunes App for iPhone and iPod Touch, along with an Android App. The application has been in development the past few months and delivers soccer headlines directly to mobile devices.
Regardless of the game level, the referee must have a strong signal to call the ball in and out of play. A powerful whistle can be heard across a field, from a sideline, and usually from the bleachers in a stadium.
A professional referee considers the pitch and volume of a whistle, the tendency to fail, the ability to keep clean, and how much breath it takes to create a signal. Small infractions require a quick burst and major misconduct may require a long hard blast. The ability of a whistle to perform with the referee is very important.
The serious referee should consider the Noda Whistle.